Analyse the data sets provided and report the results of the data Essay

Analyse the data sets provided and report the results of the data analysis in the most appropriate format - Essay Example Given that there are three dependent variables that are known to interact with each other (Bandura, 1989); the MANOVA was chosen as the ideal test of analysis. The MANOVA is best used when the dependent variables are moderately correlated; and are liable to affect each other. The omnibus test ensures that there is reduced chance of a Type I error by taking shared covariance of dependent variables into account. The null and alternative hypotheses postulated for this study are: Null Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the mean cognitive anxiety between the winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 1: There is a significant difference in the mean cognitive anxiety between the three winning positions. Null Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in the mean somatic anxiety between the three winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 2: There is a significant difference in the mean somatic anxiety between the three winning positions. Null Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in the mean self confidence between the three winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 3: There is a significant difference in the mean self confidence between the three winning positions. Data was collected from 83 athletes of both genders (40 male and 43 female participants) within the age range of 18 to 43 years. The participants were not evenly distributed across the three categories; and data was available on 36 first place holders, 29 second place holders and 18 third place holders. The mean scores, standard deviations and Standard error are noted in Table 1.1 Table 1.1 Descriptive Statistics of Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions Dependent Variables Wining Position N Mean SD SE Cognitive Anxiety 1 36 24.17 5.316 0.886 2 29 22.93 6.035 1.121 3 18 24.11 5.040 1.188 Total 83 23.72 5.487 0.602 Somatic Anxiety 1 36 23.56 6.068 1.011 2 29 22.69 6.077 1.129 3 18 23.28 6.515 1.536 Total 83 23.19 6.106 0.670 Self Confidence 1 36 22.61 4.777 0. 796 2 29 19.17 4.489 0.834 3 18 18.67 3.970 0.936 Total 83 20.55 4.817 0.529 The data was analyzed using MANOVA, and was tested using all four tests. The F value using the Wilks' lambda was 3.488 which was significant beyond the 0.01 level of significance [Wilks' = 0.777; F (6,156) = 3.488; p

Reducing Juvenile Deliquency Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reducing Juvenile Deliquency - Research Paper Example Therefore, organizations targeted toward youth which involve counseling or mentoring by role models and community involvement should be an element in reducing juvenile delinquency. The thesis question would thus be: Does the involvement of those under eighteen in formalized organizations such as Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, 4H Club etc. lead to lower juvenile delinquency rates in a community? Book: Shoemaker, D. (2010). Theories of delinquency: an examination of explanations of delinquent behavior. New York: Oxford University Press. This book examines the current theories of delinquency such as explanation of causation, control theories, psychological theories, labeling and female delinquency. This current book gives a comprehensive review of the theoretical underpinnings of delinquency. Academic Peer Reviewed Articles Anderson-Butcher, D. (2002-10-1). Factorial and criterion validity of scores of a measure of belonging in youth development programs. Educational and Psychological Measure ment, 62: 857-876, This article investigates the overall tenet of Boys’ and Girls’ Club that ‘belonging’ can reduce juvenile delinquency. The authors states that there is evidence that this is a cohesive force among juveniles that attend the activities of the Club, but that the linkage to reducing juvenile delinquency is not clear.